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MLA 9th Edition Citations Guide

Personal Communication

Component

Interviewee Last Name, Full First Name. Personal Interview. By Interviewer's Full First Name Last Name. Date of Interview.

Example

Doe, John. Personal Interview. By Grant Hill. 16 February 2018.

Note: Personal interviews refer to those interviews, conversations, emails, or other communications that you conduct yourself.

Note: If you are citing a published interview, follow the format for the appropriate reference type: book, audio recording, YouTube video, etc.

Oral History/Narrative

Components

If the information is recorded and is recoverable (audio, video, transcript) then cite the narrative as that format in your reference list.

If you spoke with an Indigenous person directly then you would use a variation of the personal communication citation. 

Interviewee Last name, Full First name. Nation/Community. Treaty Territory (if applicable). City/Community they live in (if applicable). Topic/subject of communication (if applicable). Interview Date

Example

Cardinal, Delores. Goodfish Lake Cree Nation. Treaty 6. Lives in Edmonton. Oral teaching. 4 April 2004.