US History since the Civil War - HIS 1220

CHICAGO STYLE:

http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html

1. For citations within your paper, here is an example:

Regular Citation:  The book addressed the issues concerning the lives being lived in the United States and the influence of the democratic government that was supposedly watching over the citizens.  “In the United States, the majority undertakes to supply a multitude of ready-made opinions for the use of individuals, who are thus relieved from the necessity of forming opinions of their own” (45).

            -There is a description of the citation written, followed by an example from your book.  Open quote, cite directly from the book, followed by an end quote, the page number in parenthesis, then a period.  If you are only using the one source required, there is no reason to footnote or endnote citations.

Block quote citation (required for quotes longer than 2 sentences): The book addressed the issues concerning the lives being lived in the United States and the influence of the democratic government that was supposedly watching over the citizens. 

            “In the United States, the majority undertakes to supply a multitude of

ready-made opinions for the use of individuals, who are thus relieved from

the necessity of forming opinions of their own.  In which case, it seems the

idea of Democracy is slightly a symbol rather than an actual presence in this

country” (45).

-There is a description of the citation, followed by an example from your book.  Block quotes are indented on both sides, traditionally single spaced, and reduced to size 11.

 

      2)  For citations within your paper from class, here is an example:

As it was stated in class, the evolution of the United States government was a necessary part of the compromise that was reached under the Federalists and Anti-Federalists.  There were numerous opinions that were added to this decision; Thomas Jefferson being one of them.

 

3. If you used more than one source, footnotes/endnotes, and specific in-text citing is necessary, as well as a bibliography page.  Here are examples:

IN-TEXT CITING: Same format as one source with quote/citation, but instead of only listing the page number, include author’s last name.  Example: (Roark, 33) and (Tocqueville, 67).  This format is only acceptable if two sources are used.  More than two would indicate the need for footnotes/endnotes.

FOOTNOTES:  First name and last name, title in italics (town/state of publication: place of publication, date), page number.

Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America (Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc, 1990), 65.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Last name, first name.  Title in Italics. Town/state of publication: place of publication, date.

Tocqueville, Alexis de. Democracy in America. Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc, 1990.

 

4. HINTS & TIPS:

-Mentioning your book title within your paper always use italics rather than quotes or underline                         

-Mentioning your author: first time, full name, throughout paper just by last name.  Also, avoid overuse of the author’s actual name; try “the author”, “it’s mentioned in the book”, etc. Additionally, avoid the overuse of the phrase “the book”; try mentioning the title, author, “in the text”, “the story”, etc.

 -Avoid run-on sentences, but also short, choppy sentences.  Same goes for paragraphs.                                     

-Have someone read your paper before you hand it in.  To you, it’s glorious, but there might be grammatical errors

-Please avoid saying “this is what has made us what we are today”, “back in history”, and “without this…blah blah blah”